What You Need to Know About Colorectal Cancer – FAQs Answered

 

March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a time to raise awareness for a disease that affects millions. Spreading the word about prevention, early detection, and treatment can save lives. Whether it’s reminding loved ones to get screened, sharing helpful information, or joining local events, everyone can make a difference.

All month long, doctors, survivors, and advocates work together to educate people and encourage life-saving screenings. If you’ve ever wondered who should get screened, what symptoms to look out for, or how to lower your risk, you’re not alone. Today, we will answer common questions about colorectal cancer so you can be informed and take action.

What Causes Colorectal Cancer?

Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or rectum, the lower part of the digestive system. Most cases begin as small growths called polyps. While not all polyps turn into cancer, some do over time.

What Are the Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer?

Several factors can increase the chances of developing colorectal cancer:

• Age: The risk goes up after 50, though younger cases are rising.
• Family history: Having close relatives with colorectal cancer or polyps raises the risk.
• Health conditions: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can make someone more susceptible.
• Lifestyle habits: A diet low in fiber, lack of physical activity, obesity, smoking, and heavy alcohol use can all contribute.

If you have any of these risk factors, talk to your doctor about screening options. The key to effective treatment is getting an accurate diagnosis as early as possible. Catching and removing polyps early can prevent cancer from developing.

What Kind of Doctor Treats Colorectal Cancer?

Colorectal cancer specialists, including colorectal surgeons and gastroenterologists, focus on diagnosing and treating conditions of the colon and rectum.

A specialist can help determine what’s going on if you’re experiencing symptoms like:

• Changes in bowel habits
• Unexplained weight loss
• Persistent abdominal pain

These doctors use advanced tools like colonoscopies to detect and remove polyps before they become cancerous.

Does a Colonoscopy Detect Rectal Cancer?

A colonoscopy is the most effective way to detect colorectal cancer and prevent it from developing. This procedure allows doctors to examine the colon and rectum using a thin, flexible tube with a camera. If they find polyps, they can remove them on the spot, reducing the risk of cancer.

Are Colonoscopies Effective?
Yes! Colorectal cancer colonoscopies are recommended because they are:

• Highly accurate: They detect both small and large polyps.
• Preventative: Polyps can be removed before they become cancerous.
• Comprehensive: The entire colon is examined.
• Low risk: When performed by experienced doctors, complications are rare.

Most people at average risk should start getting colonoscopies at age 45. Those with a family history or other risk factors may need to start earlier.

Is Rectal Cancer the Same as Colon Cancer?

So what is colon cancer, what is rectal cancer, and how are they different? While colon and rectal cancer are often grouped together, they have some differences.

Both require early detection for the best outcomes, and screenings are key to catching them in time.

What to Eat to Avoid Colorectal Cancer

What you eat plays a role in colorectal cancer prevention. A balanced diet with plenty of fiber and healthy nutrients can help lower your risk.

Foods That Help

• Fiber-rich foods: Whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetables support digestive health.
• Lean proteins: Poultry, fish, and plant-based proteins are better choices than red and processed meats.
• Anti-inflammatory foods: Leafy greens, berries, and nuts may help reduce inflammation.
• Calcium & vitamin D sources: Dairy, fortified plant-based milk, and leafy greens can support colon health.

Limiting alcohol and avoiding processed foods can also help lower risk. While no single food can prevent cancer, a healthy lifestyle makes a big difference.

How to Know if You Have Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer doesn’t always cause symptoms early on, which is why screenings are so important. However, if you notice any of the following, don’t ignore them:

• Changes in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or narrow stools)
• Blood in stool (bright red or dark, tarry stools)
• Abdominal pain (cramps, bloating, or discomfort)
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue or weakness
• Persistent nausea or vomiting

These symptoms can have other causes, but it’s always best to check with your doctor.

What Are the Treatment Options For Colorectal Cancer?

Treatment depends on the stage of the cancer and may include:

• Surgery: Removes tumors or affected sections of the colon.
• Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells, often for rectal cancer.
• Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to stop cancer growth, either before or after surgery.
• Targeted therapy & immunotherapy: Focus on specific cancer cell behaviors to slow or stop the disease.

Your healthcare team will work with you to find the best treatment plan.

Taking Charge of Your Health

Preventing colorectal cancer starts with a healthy lifestyle and regular check-ups. Staying active, eating well, avoiding smoking, and getting screened on time can all lower your risk. If you’re 45 or older, or if you have risk factors, talk to your doctor about screening options. Early detection saves lives—don’t wait to take action!

Join the Fight at the Rumpshaker 5K

One great way to support colorectal cancer awareness and prevention is to show up at the Rumpshaker 5K—Alabama’s largest independent 5K event dedicated to this cause. Since 2009, this family-friendly run/walk has helped raise over a million dollars for colorectal cancer awareness, education, and patient support.

Whether you run, walk, or cheer from the sidelines, your participation helps spread the message that colorectal cancer is preventable, treatable, and beatable. Come out, have fun, and make a difference!

---

Trust Our Specialists at the Alabama Colon & Rectal Institute for Comprehensive Colon Health Services

Your colon health matters, and at Alabama Colon & Rectal Institute, we provide expert care with compassion and precision. From preventive screenings to advanced treatments, our specialists keep your digestive health on track. Don’t wait to take control of your well-being—schedule an appointment today and experience the highest standard of colon care.

Contact us today online or by calling (205) 458-5000 to schedule a consultation and explore the best treatment options for your specific needs.

• Previous